8th Grade Science
BENCHMARK SC.8.E.5.3
SC.8.E.5.3 Distinguish the hierarchical relationships between planets and other astronomical bodies relative to solar system, galaxy, and universe, including distance, size, and composition.
SC.8.E.5.1 Recognize that there are enormous distances between objects in space and apply our knowledge of light and space travel to understand this distance.
SC.8.E.5.2 Recognize that the universe contains many billions of galaxies and that each galaxy contains many billions of stars.
Visual Aids
BENCHMARK SC.8.E.5.5
SC.8.E.5.5 Describe and classify specific physical properties of stars: apparent magnitude (brightness), temperature (color), size, and luminosity (absolute brightness).
SC.8.E.5.6 Create models of solar properties, including rotation, structure of the Sun, convection, sunspots, solar flares, and prominences.
BENCHMARK SC.8.E.5.7
SC.8.E.5.7 Compare and contrast the properties of objects in the Solar System, including the Sun, planets, and moons to those of Earth, such as gravitational force, distance from the Sun, speed, movement, temperature, and atmospheric conditions.
.SC.8.E.5.4 Explore the Law of Universal Gravitation by explaining the role that gravity plays in the formation of planets, stars, and solar systems and in determining their motions.
SC.8.E.5.8 Compare various historical models of the Solar System, including geocentric and heliocentric.
Key points to know
-Types of galaxies
-The hierarchy of astronomical bodies (from largest to smallest)
-The difference between an AU and a light year and what each is used to measure
-Our location within the Milky Way Galaxy
-Describe the composition and structure of galaxies and the universe
- Compare and contrast the relative distance, relative size, and general composition of astronomical bodies in the universe.
-Astronomical bodies are planets, stars, moons, asteroids, nebula, galaxies, dwarf planets, and comets.
Ck12 SC.8.E. 5.3 Benchmark Virtual Lab
(be sure to pick up the lab handout from the bin)
Key points to know
-Describe and/or classify physical properties of stars: apparent magnitude, temperature (color), size, and absolute brightness.
-Explain solar characteristics, including rotation, structure of the Sun, convection, sunspots, solar flares, and prominences.
-Interpret Hertsprung-Russell diagram.
-Identify apparent magnitude, size, absolute brightness, and temperature.
-Compare and contrast stars and galaxies in the universe.
-Identify properties of the sun including rotation, solar structure, convection, prominences and sunspots
Key points to know
-Identify characteristics, size, distance from sun and general composition about the terrestrial planets in our solar system
-Explain the the presence, absence, and/or relative thickness of planetary atmospheres
-Explain the relationship between distance from the Sun and the length of year of any outer planet
- Explain the relationship between distance from the Sun and average surface temperature of any outer planet
-Identify and/or explain the role that gravity plays in the formation and motion of planets, stars, and solar systems.
-Sequence planets and other astronomical bodies using multiple characteristics.
-
Visual Aids
Visual Aids
BENCHMARK SC.8.E.5.9
SC.8.e.5.9 Explain the impact of objects in space on each other, including: 1. the Sun on the Earth, including seasons and gravitational attraction; 2. the Moon on the Earth, including phases, tides, and eclipses, and the relative position of each body
Key points to know
-Illustrate and label the relationship of the relative positions of the Earth and Sun that cause Earth’s day, year, and seasons.
-Illustrate and label the relationship of the relative positions of the Earth, moon, and Sun that cause moon’s phases and eclipses
-
Visual Aids
BENCHMARK SC.7.E.6.2
SC.7.E.6.2 Identify the patterns within the rock cycle and relate them to surface events (weathering and erosion) and subsurface events (plate tectonics and mountain building).
SC.6.E.6.1 Describe and give examples of ways in which Earth’s surface is built up and torn down by physical and chemical weathering, erosion, and deposition.
SC.6.E.6.2 Recognize that there are a variety of different landforms on Earth’s surface, such as coastlines, dunes, rivers, mountains, glaciers, deltas, and lakes, and relate these landforms as they apply to Florida.
SC.7.E.6.6 Identify the impact that humans have had on Earth, such as deforestation, urbanization, desertification, erosion, air and water quality, and changing the flow of water
Key points to know
-Interpret rock cycle diagrams
-Describe how one form of rock can change into the others
-Identify and describe patterns within the rock cycle, including the formation of igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rock
-Identify and describe events of the rock cycle on Earth’s surface
-Analyze how humans impact the Earth’s land/lithosphere.
Compare and contrast the impact that humans have on land, air, and water.
-Describe and/or explain how Earth’s surface is built up and torn down through the processes of physical and chemical weathering, erosion, and deposition.
-Identify different types of landforms commonly found on Earth.
-Describe similarities and/or differences among landforms found in Florida and those found outside of Florida.
-Identify and/or describe the impact that humans have had on Earth.
Visual Aids
BENCHMARK SC.7.E.6.4
SC.7.E.6.4 Explain and give examples of how physical evidence supports scientific theories that Earth has evolved over geologic time due to natural processes.
SC.7.E.6.3 Identify current methods for measuring the age of Earth and its parts, including the law of superposition and radioactive dating
Key points to know
-Identify examples of and/or explain physical evidence that supports scientific theories that Earth has evolved over geologic time due to natural processes.
-Identify and/or describe current scientific methods for measuring the age of Earth and its parts.
-Explain the Law of Superposition including faulting and folding
-Give examples of scientific theories of geologic time.
-Identify and explain examples of natural geologic processes that support the scientific theory of Earth’s evolution (ex: Grand Canyon formation).
-
Visual Aids
BENCHMARK SC.7.E.6.5
SC.7.E.6.5 Explore the scientific theory of plate tectonics by describing how the movement of Earth’s crustal plates causes both slow and rapid changes in Earth’s surface, including volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, and mountain building.
SC.7.E.6.1 Describe the layers of the solid Earth, including the lithosphere, the hot convecting mantle, and the dense metallic liquid and solid cores.
SC.7.E.6.7 Recognize that heat flow and movement of material within Earth causes earthquakes and volcanic eruptions and creates mountains and ocean basins
Key points to know
-Describe the scientific theory of plate tectonics and/or how the movement of Earth’s crustal plates and the flow of heat and material cause various geologic events to occur.
- Identify and/or describe the layers of Earth.
- Identify the different causes of volcano formation.
-Explain the density differences in each layer of the earth
- Identify the layers of Earth ; the crust, the lithosphere, the hot convecting mantle, the outer (liquid) core, and the inner (solid) core.
SC.7.E. 6.5 Worksheet Companion II
SC.7.E. 6.5 Worksheet Companion III
Visual Aids
BENCHMARK SC.6.E.7.4
SC.6.E.7.4 Differentiate and show interactions among the geosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere.
SC.6.E.7.2 Investigate and apply how the cycling of water between the atmosphere and hydrosphere has an effect on weather patterns and climate.
SC.6.E.7.3 Describe how global patterns such as the jet stream and ocean currents influence local weather in measurable terms such as temperature, air pressure, wind direction and speed, and humidity and precipitation.
SC.6.E.7.6 Differentiate between weather and climate.
SC.6.E.7.9 Describe how the composition and structure of the atmosphere protects life and insulates the planet.
SC.6.E. 7.4 Worksheet Companion
Key points to know
-Differentiate and/or explain interactions among the geosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere.
- Describe and/or explain how the cycling of water and global patterns influence local weather and climate.
- Differentiate between weather and climate.
- Describe the composition and structure of the atmosphere and/or how the atmosphere protects life and insulates the planet.
- Describe atmospheric conditions and their resulting weather phenomena, such as hurricanes, tornadoes, lightning, fronts, and precipitation
- Describe the effects of global warming or the ozone hole
- Describe layers of the atmosphere and/or the function of each.
Visual Aids
BENCHMARK SC.6.E.7.5
SC.6.E.7.5 Explain how energy provided by the Sun influences global patterns of atmospheric movement and the temperature differences between air, water, and land.
SC.6.E.7.1 Differentiate among radiation, conduction, and convection, the three mechanisms by which heat is transferred through Earth’s system.
Key points to know
-Explain how energy provided by the Sun influences global patterns of atmospheric movement and/or the temperature differences among air, water, and land.
-Students will differentiate among radiation, conduction, and convection in Earth’s systems.
Visual Aids
